Hellfire Caves

Hellfire Caves in West Wycombe is an artificial maze of chalk and flint tunnels cut into a hillside in Buckinghamshire, South East England. Most sources put the underground network at around 260 metres, though some quote larger figures. The entrance sits just above the village, on the southern edge of the Chiltern Hills near High Wycombe.

Who dug the caves, and why?

These tunnels are man-made. They were excavated around 1748 to 1752 for Sir Francis Dashwood. According to the National Trust, the project gave work to local people hit by three failed harvests in a row, and the chalk was used to build a road. Dashwood, who owned nearby West Wycombe Park, is also remembered as the founder of the Hellfire Club, whose gatherings took place underground and gave the attraction its name. The layout is thought to echo his travels through Italy, Greece and the Near East.

What will you see inside?

The route winds through narrow passages past small recesses and into larger chambers, including the Banqueting Hall. It then crosses an underground stream called the River Styx and ends at the Inner Temple, the deepest point of the visit, below the church on the hilltop. Costumed figures stand along the way and a recorded commentary with sound effects tells the story. The atmosphere is theatrical and spooky, which suits families who enjoy ghost tales.

What should you know before visiting?

• It is cool and damp underground, so bring a warm layer and sturdy shoes.
• Floors can be uneven and passages tight. The caves are not suitable for wheelchairs or pushchairs.
• Candlelit evening tours are offered. Book these in advance.
• Opening times vary by season and day of the week, and published listings disagree. Check the official website before you travel.

How do you get there and where do you park?

The entrance is at the top of Church Lane, at the foot of West Wycombe Hill. The caves are not owned by the National Trust, which looks after the neighbouring West Wycombe Park, the village and the hill. Parking close to the caves can carry a charge. The Chiltern Society suggests the National Trust car park near the Dashwood Mausoleum as a free alternative, within walking distance. Confirm current fees before you go.

What else is nearby?

Up on the hill you will find the church topped with a golden ball and the hexagonal Dashwood Mausoleum. It makes sense to combine the caves with a stroll through West Wycombe village and a visit to the house and gardens of West Wycombe Park.

Frequently asked questions

Are the Hellfire Caves natural? No. They are tunnels cut by hand into chalk and flint in the 18th century for Francis Dashwood.

How long does a visit take? The commentated route usually takes about an hour, depending on the tour and group size.

Is it suitable for children? Yes, if they are comfortable with dim light and narrow passages. Pushchairs cannot be taken inside.

Do the caves belong to the National Trust? No. The Trust cares for the adjacent West Wycombe Park, the village and the hill, but not the caves themselves.