Peneda-Gerês National Park

Peneda-Gerês National Park is the only national park in Portugal and the country's oldest protected area. It lies in the Norte region in the northwest, right next to the Spanish border. Established on 8 May 1971, it covers roughly 696 km of mountains, valleys and rural settlements.

Where is it and how did it get its name?

The park is named after its two main granite massifs, the Serra da Peneda and the Serra do Gerês. The granite heights are around 300 million years old. The landscape blends regenerating oak forests, plateau peat bogs and green river valleys. Across the border in Spanish Galicia, the park's neighbour is the municipality of Lobios, so many travellers begin their trip from the Spanish side.

What is there to see?

Nature is the main draw: walking trails lead through woodland, heath and rocky ridges, with views that shift at every climb. Bring sturdy shoes and enough water, since mountain weather can change quickly.

Traces of traditional life are visible in the villages of Lindoso and Soajo, known for their granite granaries where corn was historically stored. These stone structures have become a regional symbol and a fine example of how residents adapted to local conditions.

Which animals live here?

The park is home to the Iberian wolf and the golden eagle. You may also meet the Garrano, a small, sturdy native horse breed that lives semi-wild. The breed has prehistoric origins, and by grazing on undergrowth the horses help keep vegetation in check.

When should you go?

The park can be visited all year, but walking is best in milder months, when trails are drier and days are long. In winter some routes can be harder going, so check the forecast before setting out.

Frequently asked questions

Is it Portugal's only national park? Yes, Peneda-Gerês is the only national park in the country.

When was it founded? On 8 May 1971.

How large is the park? About 696 km.

Can I see wild horses? Yes, Garrano horses are frequently spotted in the park.

What are the granaries in Lindoso and Soajo? Granite structures traditionally used to store corn, regarded as a symbol of the region.