Burnum amphitheatre

Burnum amphitheatre is what remains of a Roman legionary camp near the village of Ivoševci in inland Dalmatia, Croatia. It stands on the right bank of the Krka river and forms part of the archaeological heritage of Krka National Park. It is regarded as the only preserved military amphitheatre in Croatia.

What was Burnum?

Burnum was a legionary base built to control a crossing of the Krka. From here troops could also set out on campaigns deeper into Dalmatia. The first unit stationed here was Legio XI Claudia Pia Fidelis, later replaced by Legio IV Flavia Felix. Sources differ on the early dates: some place the arrival of the Eleventh around 42 AD and the takeover by the Fourth in 69 AD, others say the first buildings date to the reign of Claudius and were expanded under Vespasian.

After the army left, the camp gradually turned into an urban settlement. In 118 AD, under Hadrian, Burnum became a municipium (municipium Burnistarum), and a civilian population grew around the former camp.

What can you see on site?

• The amphitheatre – a venue for entertainment for the soldiers stationed in the camp. Its military character makes it unique in the country.
• The principium arches – the tall stone arches of the former command building are the most recognisable feature of the site and a favourite subject for photographers.
• Traces of the camp and town – the layout of the old camp and the later settlement, revealed by archaeological work.

Planning your visit

Burnum is usually visited as part of a trip to Krka National Park. Most travellers know the park for its waterfalls, but the Ivoševci area shows another side of the river valley: Roman military history. Finds from the site are displayed at the Puljane Eco Campus, opened in 2010, so the two places combine well in a single route.

A visit does not take long, and the open setting makes a walk between the arches and the amphitheatre an easy addition to a longer day in Dalmatia. Wear comfortable shoes, and in summer bring a hat and water, as shade on the site is limited. Check the Krka park website for current opening hours and entry rules before you go.

Frequently asked questions

Where is Burnum amphitheatre? Near the village of Ivoševci, on the right bank of the Krka river in Dalmatia, Croatia.

Who was stationed at Burnum? First Legio XI Claudia Pia Fidelis, then Legio IV Flavia Felix.

Why is the amphitheatre special? It is the only preserved military amphitheatre in Croatia, built beside a legionary camp rather than in a civilian town.

Is Burnum part of Krka National Park? Yes, the site belongs to the park's cultural heritage and is often visited together with its other attractions.

Where can I see finds from Burnum? At the Puljane Eco Campus, opened in 2010.

Is the amphitheatre the only thing to see? No, the principium arches, the remains of the camp's command building, are just as important.