Červený vrch

Červený vrch is a geological nature monument located about 100 meters southeast of the village of Otov, in the Domažlice district of the Plzeň Region, at the northwestern foot of a hill reaching 498 meters above sea level. The protected area covers just 1.16 hectares, yet its scientific value far outweighs its modest size — it is recognized as a site of supra-regional geological significance.

What makes Červený vrch special?

At the core of the site are pegmatite veins embedded within the Poběžovice granodiorite massif. These pegmatites contain spessartine garnet and display a distinctive zonal structure, with a quartz core surrounded by feldspathic pegmatite. This mineral arrangement is rare and serves as valuable teaching material for geologists and earth science students. Traces of past mining activity are still visible across the terrain today, including waste heaps, pits, and an abandoned quarry at the top of the hill.

How old is the mining history here?

Primitive extraction of the pegmatite deposits likely began as early as the 16th or 17th century, linked to local glassmaking and pottery production, which required the mineral raw materials found in these veins. The reserve preserves evidence of both surface and underground mining conducted across multiple levels, making it a valuable record of historical mineral extraction in this part of the Czech lands.

Why is the area protected?

Červený vrch was designated a Nature Monument (přírodní památka) on September 25, 1990, under protection code 1323. The protection primarily covers a uniquely and instructively preserved pegmatite vein outcrop — a geological formation of considerable scientific and educational value. Official documentation rates the site's scientific and educational importance as great, highlighting its suitability for geological field trips and educational excursions.

Who should visit?

Červený vrch is of particular interest to geology enthusiasts, teachers organizing field lessons, and travelers curious about the history of mineral mining in the Domažlice region. Its proximity to Otov makes it easy to combine with exploring nearby villages at the foothills of the Šumava region. It's a worthwhile choice for visitors seeking a lesser-known but substantive destination, away from the busiest tourist routes.

Frequently asked questions

Where exactly is Červený vrch located? About 100 meters southeast of the village of Otov, in the Domažlice district of the Plzeň Region, at the foot of a hill reaching 498 meters above sea level.

Since when has the area been protected? It was granted Nature Monument status on September 25, 1990.

What exactly does this nature monument protect? Pegmatite veins containing spessartine garnet with a distinctive zonal structure, embedded in Poběžovice granodiorite, along with traces of historical mining.

When did mining begin at this site? Likely in the 16th or 17th century, connected to local glass and pottery production.

How large is the protected area? 1.16 hectares.